An increasing number of consumer and industrial products that are untethered or need to become disconnected from the electrical outlet will become powered by some form of energy harvesting (EH) technology in the near future. The environmental and economic costs of changing and maintaining batteries for portable devices will motivate consumers and industrial end-users to investigate alternatives involving more autonomous power sources for a variety of device categories.
Embedded systems are seen in every part of our daily lives. From the moment we get up in the morning, a programmable microchip in an alarm clock is responsible for keeping us on time. A quick walk around the house, a short trip in the car, and a survey of the devices in the office will attest to the ubiquity of microprocessors at work all around us. The energy to charge these devices is either received directly from an electrical outlet or in the form of a compact energy source such as a battery within the device. However, it is very inconvenient to carry charging equipment and locate wall sockets for charging or, even worse, replace batteries that are spent and eventually dispose of them because of their environmentally toxic nature. It is more convenient to expect the device to be self-powered and autonomous for the duration of application or for the life of the device.
This Pike Research report analyzes existing and emerging energy harvesting technologies in depth, looking at 15 end-user consumer and industrial application segments. The report examines photovoltaic, piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and thermoelectric transduction methods for converting ambient energy, and includes an assessment of key implementation strategies for the most common EH technologies operating in portable, pervasive, and autonomous systems. Key industry players are profiled in depth and market forecasts, segmented by application and world region, are provided through 2015.
Key Questions Addressed:
- What are the key applications that use energy harvesting to power devices?
- What are the underlying technology attributes that differentiate one EH technology type versus another in the selection process for various applications?
- Which technology-based trends are implemented in the market?
- How many EH technologies are there and how are they different?
- Is energy harvesting technology really going to replace batteries?
- Will the usage model for portable and pervasive systems change for one that is user concentric?
Who needs this report?
- Energy harvesting component manufacturers
- Consumer electronics manufacturers
- Building automation and industrial automation companies
- Industry associations
- Investor community
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
1.1 Introduction to Energy Harvesting
1.2 Energy Harvesting Technology
1.3 Drivers for Energy Harvesting Technology
1.4 The Energy Harvesting Market
2. Market Issues
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Drivers for Energy Harvesting Technology
2.2.1 Advances in Electronics
2.2.2 Cutting the Power Cord
2.2.3 Technology Convergence and Battery Technology Trends
2.3 Application Segments for Energy Harvesting
2.3.1 Consumer Application Segments
2.3.1.1 Cellular Phones
2.3.1.2 Remote Controls
2.3.1.3 Apparel
2.3.1.4 Laptop Computers
2.3.1.5 E-Labels and Smart Packaging
2.3.1.6 Watches
2.3.1.7 Portable Lighting
2.3.1.8 Hearing Aids
2.3.2 Industrial Application Segments
2.3.2.1 Wireless Sensor Networks
2.3.2.1.1. Wireless Building Controls and Automation
2.3.2.2 Energy Harvesting for Wired or Wireless Implementations in New Construction and Retrofits
2.3.2.3 Energy Harvesting for Wireless System Technologies
2.3.2.3.1. EnOcean
2.3.2.3.2. ZigBee
2.3.2.4 Energy Harvesting for Wireless Industrial Automation
2.3.2.5 The Industrial Environment
2.3.2.6 Security, Privacy, Reliability, and Energy Harvesting
2.3.2.7 ZigBee, WirelessHART, ISA100, and NAMUR
2.3.2.8 Standards
2.3.3 Medical Devices
2.3.4 Military Devices
2.3.5 Cordless Power Tools
2.3.6 Human Footfall and Vehicle Kinetic Motion Harvesting
2.3.7 Automotive Devices
2.4 Power Management for Low-Power Wireless Devices
2.5 Energy Storage for Low-Power Wireless Devices
3. Technology Issues
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Power Requirements
3.2.1 Processing
3.2.2 Communications
3.3 Energy Sources Suitable for Harvesting
3.3.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
3.3.2 Thermal Energy
3.3.3 Mechanical Energy Sources
3.3.3.1 Steady-State Mechanical Sources
3.3.3.2 Intermittent Mechanical Sources
3.3.3.3 Vibration
3.4 Energy Conversion Methods
3.4.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
3.4.2 Thermal Conversion
3.4.3 Steady-State Mechanical Conversion
3.4.3.1 Vibration Conversion
3.4.3.1.1. Piezoelectric Conversion
3.4.3.1.2. Electrostatic Conversion
3.4.3.1.3. Electromagnetic Conversion
3.4.4 Intermittent Mechanical Conversion
3.4.4.1 Piezoelectric Conversion
3.4.4.2 Electroactive Polymer (EAP) Conversion
3.4.4.3 Electromagnetic Conversion
3.5 Comparison of Practical Energy Harvesting Devices
4. Key Industry Players
4.1 Arveni (France)
4.2 Convergence Wireless (United States)
4.3 Cymbet (United States)
4.4 Ember (United States)
4.5 EnOcean (Germany)
4.6 G24 Innovations (United Kingdom)
4.7 GreenPeak (Netherlands)
4.8 Infinite Power Solutions (United States)
4.9 IMEC Holst (Belgium and the Netherlands)
4.10 Levant Power (United States)
4.11 Micropelt (Germany)
4.12 MicroStrain (United States)
4.13 Marlow Industries (United States)
4.14 Microchip (United States)
4.15 Nextreme (United States)
4.16 Perpetuum (United Kingdom)
4.17 POWERleap (United States)
4.18 Linear Technology (United States)
4.19 Robert Bosch (Germany)
4.20 Seiko Epson (Japan)
4.21 Schneider Electric (France)
4.22 Texas Instruments (United States)
4.23 Toumaz (United Kingdom)
5. Market Forecasts
5.1 Energy Harvesting Devices Market
5.1.1 Market Analysis and Forecast Methodology
5.1.2 Consumer Applications
5.1.2.1 Technology Segmentation: Cellular Phones, Remote Controls, Laptop Computers, and Watches
5.1.2.1.1. Cellular Phones
5.1.2.1.2. Remote Controls
5.1.2.1.3. Laptop Computers
5.1.2.1.4. Watches
5.1.2.2 Technology Segmentation: Apparel and E-Labels and Smart Packaging
5.1.2.2.1. Apparel
5.1.2.2.2. E-Labels and Smart Packaging
5.1.2.3 Technology Segmentation: Portable Lighting and Hearing Aids
5.1.2.3.1. Portable Lighting
5.1.2.3.2. Hearing Aids
5.1.3 Industrial Applications
5.1.3.1 Energy Harvesting and Wireless Sensor Networks
5.1.3.1.1. WSN Market Including Non EH Applications
5.1.3.1.2. WSN with EH Technology and Non EH Application Not Included
5.1.3.2 Medical Devices
5.1.3.3 Military Devices
5.1.3.4 Cordless Power Tools
5.1.3.5 Human Footfall Harvesting and Vehicle Kinetic Motion Harvesting
5.1.3.6 Automotive Devices
5.2 Technology Segmentation
5.3 Geographic Segmentation
6. Company Directory
7. Acronym and Abbreviation List
8. Table of Contents
9. Table of Charts and Figures
10. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- Energy Harvesting Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Energy Harvesting Application Revenue, World Markets: 2015
- Energy Harvesting Consumer Application Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Percentage Market Share of Consumer Devices, World Markets: 2015
- Cellular Phone, Remote Control, Laptop Computer, and Watch Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Apparel and E-Labels/Smart Packaging Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Portable Lighting and Hearing Aid Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Percentage Market Share of Industrial Devices, World Markets: 2015
- Energy Harvesting Industrial Application Revenue without WSN Segment, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Wireless Sensor Network Unit Shipments and Unit Price, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Wireless Sensor Network Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Energy Harvesting Application Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Medical Device Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Military Device Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Automotive Device Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Consumer and Industrial Technology Segmentation, World Markets: 2015
- Energy Harvesting Geographic Segmentation, World Markets: 2015
- Nokia Morph Concept Phone, Samsung Solar Phone, and a Solar Bluetooth Headset
- Philips Piezoelectric Battery-Less Remote Control from Arveni
- Solar-Powered Backpack by G24i
- Logitech Keyboard and Samsung Solar Laptop
- Esquire Magazine and Ballantine’s Whisky Bottle with E-Ink Smart Packaging
- ETA Autoquartz Design and Seiko AGS Generator for the Kinetic Series
- The Seiko Thermic Wristwatch: (a) The Product, (b) a Cross-Sectional Diagram, (c) Thermoelectric Module, and (d) a Thermopile Array
- Citizen Eco-Drive
- Eton Windup and Solar Light/Radio
- Panasonic Hearing Aid
- Examples of Solid-State Batteries
- A Generic Sensor Network Node with Energy Harvesting Device
- Vibration Amplitude as a Function of Frequency for a Domestic Freeze, Acceleration Magnitude and Displacement Amplitude
- Model of a Translational Inertial Generator
- Piezoceramic Cantilever Resonator
- Comparison of Energy Harvesting Solutions
List of Tables
- Energy Harvesting Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Consumer and Industrial Application Adoption Timeframe
- Summary of Power Consumption of Commercial Sensor Network Nodes
- Comparison on Energy Harvesting Devices
- Energy Harvesting Application Revenue, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Wireless Chipset Shipments, World Markets: 2004-2011
- Energy Harvesting Application Unit Shipments, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Energy Harvesting Application Unit Price, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Application Segment Percentage and Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Application Segment Revenue by Technology, World Markets: 2015
- Technology Percentage and Revenue by Sector, World Markets: 2015
- Application Percentage and Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2015
- Application Percentage and Revenue, World Markets: 2015
- Sector Percentage and Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2015
- Wireless Sensor Node Unit Shipments, World Markets: 2010-2015