In locomotives, large diesel engines act as generators for electric motors that drive the locomotive. Among the different types of locomotives, those that move rail cars around a yard to line them up for trains are often the source of high emissions. These locomotives are often left idling and operate inefficiently as they have to start and stop often. New locomotives with multiple engines, called gensets, provide locomotives with the power they need as well as the capability to shut off engines (and therefore reduce emissions) when not needed. While genset locomotives provide some fuel savings, the next evolution is a hybrid locomotive that utilizes stored energy.
The locomotive market is challenging for new technology because there are few incentives to innovate. However, with tougher emissions regulations, ability to utilize relatively inexpensive battery chemistry, and some promising prototypes, the hybrid locomotive is expected to become more prevalent later this decade. Genset locomotives will provide tough competition, with the market expanding at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7% between 2010 and 2020. However, hybrid locomotives will grow quickly towards the end of the decade with a CAGR of 19.4% by 2020, under a baseline forecast scenario.
This Pike Research report examines opportunities and challenges in the global locomotive market. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of locomotives and battery technologies, regenerative braking, government emissions regulations, emerging markets, and key drivers of market growth. The report includes detailed forecasts through 2020, segmented by key countries and world regions, for diesel and all-electric locomotives, genset locomotives, hybrid locomotives, and battery storage capacity needs. Key market players are also profiled.
Key questions addressed:
- How is a battery hybrid locomotive different from a diesel-electric locomotive?
- How do electric third-rail and overhead lines impact the locomotive market?
- What are the key technologies used in hybrid locomotives?
- Why is AC current being utilized in many new locomotives instead of DC?
- What are the types of batteries likely to be used in hybrid locomotives?
- Where are the strong markets for locomotives and hybrid locomotives?
- What are the strengths and weaknesses of a hybrid locomotive over other locomotive types?
- What are government emission regulations for locomotives and how will they impact the market?
- How large will the market for hybrid and genset locomotives be globally?
- Who are the key industry players in the hybrid locomotive market?
Who needs this report?
- Locomotive OEM Marketing Managers
- OEM Supply Chain Managers
- Remanufacturing Marketing and Sales Managers
- Electric Motor Manufacturers
- Battery Manufacturers
- Railroad Planning Managers
- Government Environmental Agency
- Government Railroad Agency
- Environmental Transportation Advocacy Groups
- Railroad Trade Associations
- Investor Community
Table of Contents
1. Executive Summary
1.1 Guidelines
2. Market Issues
2.1 Locomotives in Use
2.2 Definitions
2.2.1 Diesel-Electric without Batteries
2.2.2 Hybrid Electric with Batteries
2.2.2.1 The Legacy of Railpower’s Green Goat
2.3 Competition with Traditional Locomotives
2.4 Track Electrification
2.4.1 Borderless Transportation
3. Technology Issues
3.1 Direct Current vs. Alternating Current
3.2 Energy Storage Technology
3.2.1 Lead Acid Batteries
3.2.1.1 Advanced Lead Acid Batteries
3.2.2 Sodium Metal Halide Batteries
3.2.3 Sodium Sulfur Batteries
3.2.4 Lithium Ion Batteries
3.2.5 Ultracapacitors
3.3 Battery Size and Cost Analysis
3.4 Braking Systems
3.4.1 Dynamic Braking
3.4.2 Regenerative Braking
4. Demand Drivers
4.1 Emissions Issues for Railroad Companies
4.1.1 New Diesel Engine Regulations
4.2 Government Influence on Locomotive Purchases
4.3 Government Support for Passenger Rail
4.4 Economic Growth in BRIC Countries
4.5 Hybrid Locomotive Strength and Weaknesses
5. Key Industry Players
5.1 AHL-Tech
5.2 Alstom Group
5.3 Axion Power International
5.4 BAE Batterien GmbH
5.5 Bombardier
5.6 BNSF
5.7 Brookville Equipment Corporation
5.8 Crown Battery
5.9 China CNR Corporation
5.10 CSR Qishuyan Locomotive Company
5.11 Electro Motive Diesel
5.12 EnerSys
5.13 Exide Battery Corporation
5.14 General Electric
5.15 Hitachi
5.16 Hyundai Rotem Corp
5.17 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
5.18 National Railway Equipment Company
5.19 Norfolk Southern
5.20 Progress Rail Services
5.21 Relco Locomotives
5.22 Remy International
5.23 Railpower Technologies
5.24 Siemens
5.25 Toshiba
5.26 Transmashholding
5.27 Union Pacific
5.28 Vossloh
6. Market Forecasts
6.1 Locomotive Sales
6.2 Diesel Locomotive Sales, World Markets
6.2.1 Diesel Road Locomotive Sales, World Markets
6.2.2 Diesel Switching/Shunting Locomotive Sales, World Markets
6.2.3 Diesel Passenger Locomotive Sales, World Markets
6.3 Genset Locomotive Sales
6.3.1 Genset Locomotive Average Prices
6.4 Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales, World Markets
6.5 Battery Capacity Required for Hybrid Locomotives
6.6 Summary and Conclusions
7. Company Directory
8. Acronym and Abbreviation List
9. Table of Contents
10. Table of Charts and Figures
11. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- Diesel Genset Switcher Locomotives Sales by Region, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales by Region, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Percentage of Railroad Track Electrification, European Union: 2009
- Locomotives by Electric Motor Current, North America: 2010-2015
- Diesel Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Electric (Non-Diesel) Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Road Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Switch/Shunter Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Passenger Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Genset Switcher Locomotive Sales, Baseline and Aggressive Scenarios, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Genset Locomotives Average Price by Region, World Markets: 2015
- Diesel Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales, Baseline and Aggressive Scenarios, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales, Baseline and Aggressive Scenarios, North America and Western Europe: 2010-2020
- Hybrid Locomotive Battery Storage Capacity by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Mix of Locomotive Battery Storage by Chemistry, World Markets: 2020
- European Rail Electrification Map
- Duty Cycle of a Typical Switcher Locomotive
- Progression of Locomotive PM Regulation, United States and European Union
- Amtrak Ridership Trends, United States (Millions of Passengers)
- Freight Rail Rates Index, Average for 2006-2008
List of Tables
- Locomotive Types
- Railroad Track Electrification by Region, World Markets: 2009
- Railroad Track Electrification by Country, European Union: 2009
- Battery Technology Strengths and Weaknesses for Locomotive Applications
- Locomotives by Motor Current Type, North America: 2010
- Locomotives by Type, North America: 2010
- Diesel Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Electric (Non-Diesel) Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Road Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Switch/Shunter Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Passenger Locomotive Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Locomotive Sales by Type, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Genset Switcher Locomotive Sales by Region, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Genset Switcher Locomotive Sales by Region, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Genset Locomotive Price by Region, World Markets: 2010-2015
- Diesel Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales by Region, Aggressive Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Diesel Hybrid Electric Locomotive Sales by Region, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Hybrid Locomotive Battery Storage by Region, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2010-2020
- Hybrid Locomotive Battery Storage Forecast by Chemistry, Baseline Scenario, World Markets: 2020